RS And GIS Disaster Management(Civil Engineering)

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Use of GIS during desaters

Sandeep B / Hyderabad

3 years of teaching experience

Qualification: BE

Teaches: Algebra, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Civil, Drawing

  1. REMOTE SENSING & GIS FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
  2. Satellites Used LANDSAT(Earth Resources Technology Satellite) IRS(Indian Remote Sensing Satellite) SPOT (Systéme Pour l'Observation de la Terre) RADARSAT Remote Sensing Satellite) ENVISAT(Environmental Satellite) GOES(Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites LIDAR(Light Detection And Ranging)
  3. *tions of Some Current Satellite Sensors for Disaster Management Satellite METEOSAT NOAA LANDSAT SPOT Sensor VIS AVHRR MSS TM PAN HRV Spatial Res 2.5 km, Day & Night obs 1.1 km 30 & 80 M 10 & 20M Type of Disaster Cyclones, volcanic eruptions, floods LC detection, fires, drought Volcanoes Land use, flood extent,landslid e,fire,drought 3Dmapping, Floods, landslide
  4. Satellite IRS ERS RADARSAT IKONOS Sensor PAN LISS WIFS SAR SAR PAN MSS Spatial Res 623,188M 25-500M(A11 Weather) 10 - IOOM(AII Weather) 1 & 4M Type of Disaster 3Dmapping,F10 ods,landslide Earthquake,Fire, landslides,night coverage,floods, 3D Mapping Earthquake,Fire, landslides,night coverage,floods, 3D Mapping High res mapping, Infrastructure identification, terrain analysis, property damage assessment.
  5. GIS Applications izard inventory maps: At this level GIS can be used for the pre-feasibility study of developmental projects, at all inter-municipal or district level. The GIS system is quite useful in providing Locate critical facilities: information on the physical location of shelters, drains and other physical facilities The use of GIS for disaster management is intended for planners in the early phase of regional development projects or large engineering projects It is used to investigate where hazards can be a constraint on the development of rural, urban or infrastructural projects
  6. jge associated database: The use of GIS at this level is intended for planners to formulate projects at feasibility levels, but it is also used to generate hazard and risk maps for existing settlements and cities, and in the planning of disaster preparedness and disaster relief activities. 'Inerability assessment: GIS can provide useful information to boost disaster awareness with government and the public, so that (on a national level) decisions can be taken to establish or expand disaster management organizations. At such a general level, the objective is to give an inventory of disasters and simultaneously identify "high-risk" or vulnerable areas within the country
  7. GIS and the Disaster Management Cycle GIS is useful in helping with forward planning. It provides the framework for planners and disaster managers to view spatial data by way of computer based maps Mitigation • The use of GIS in disaster management can help with structural and non-structural mitigation GIS allows you to spatially represent areas at risk and the level of risk associated with a particular hazard, which can be a guide in decision making + It will facilitate the implementation of necessary mechanisms to lessen the impact of a potential emergency With GIS, disaster managers are in a better position to determine the level of mitigative structures that should be in place given the vulnerability of an area or population
  8. odness GIS can help with the identification and location of resources and "at risk" areas It establishes a link between partners and critical agencies, which allow disaster managers to know where relevant partner agencies are stationed GIS maps can provide information on the human resources present in an Emergency Operation Centre as well as on the ground personnel such as security, health providers and other key responders. This is particularly useful since the technology can help with strategic placement of emergency personnel where it matters most GIS helps to answer the question of who is to be based where and at what phase during the emergency It can help to determine whether or not road infrastructure and communications networks are capable of handling the effects of disaster and, if necessary, guide in the placement of resources
  9. GIS technology can provide the user with accurate information on the exact location of an emergency situation. This would prove useful as less time is spent trying to determine where the trouble areas are. Ideally, GIS technology can help to provide quick response to an affected area once issues (such as routes to the area) are known. In the case of a chlorine explosion for example, GIS can indicate the unsafe area as well as point rescue workers to resources that are closest to the affected areas. GIS can be used as a floor guide for emergency response to point out evacuation routes, assembly points and other evacuation matters Recovery Mapping and geo-spatial data will provide a comprehensive display on the level of damage or disruption that was sustained as a result of the emergency. GIS can provide a synopsis of what has been damaged, where, and the number of persons or institutions that were affected. This kind of information is quite useful to the recovery process
  10. RS & GIS FOR FLOODS quired for flood manager S.No Phase 1 2 3 Flood preparedness (Before Flood) Relief and Rescue (During flood) Flood Mitigation (Aiter Flood) Required Information Chronically flood prone areas Prior information on probable flood affected areas with considerable lead time Optimum evacuation plans Flood affected areas Flood damage statistics Updation of the flood condition in terms of flood recedence and persistence etc. Changes in the river course The status of flood control works River bank erosion Drainage congestion Flood Risk zones
  11. Preparation Phase Using historic satellite data acquired during floods, it is possible to provide the chronically flood prone areas in form of a map showing severery affected, occasionally affected etc. Prior information on probable flood affected areas using hydrological models can be provided Using flood inundation models in GIS environment, optimum evacuation plans can be generated for carrying out rescue operations
  12. Floods A flood map showing spatial extent of the flood affected areas @ Flood damage statistics like district wise flood affected area, submerged crop, marooned villages and length of submerged road/ rail can be provided Satellite data can be used at regular intervals for updation of the flood condition on the ground in terms of flood progression,recedence and persistence
  13. Mitigation phase Using high resolution satellite data ,mapping of river configuration and flood contror works, changes in river configuration and studies on bank erosion / deposition can be carried out Demarcate the drainage congestion areas in chronic flood prone areas Flood hazard and risk zone maps can be generated using multi year satellite data acquired during floods
  14. P6JR S-P41NOAA TERRA/AQUA RADARSAT are used flood analysis studies Satellite IRS-P6 IRS-P6 IRS-P6 IRS-ID RADARSAT 1 Sensor AWIFS LISS-III LISS-IV WIFS SAR Spatial resolution 56 23..5 5.8 188 100 Use Regional Level flood mapping District Level mapping Detailed mapping Regional Level mapping Regional Level mapping
  15. FIQyy, chart for pre flood analysis of optical data Optical satellite data Geocoding with master data Classification Pre-flood active river channel Permanent wrater bocfies Image Enhancement On-screen digitization of river bank in GIS environment Editing and final River bank
  16. MEElmodoIogy for analysis of satellite data during Sigma nougtt image of SAR data Speckle Geocodng *4th master data Ciassßcaoon Removal of ar•.d Sieve floods sateote data Geocoång wdth master data Spectral 'bdel Ciassifcation Variable Ttveshold Techd. je Water Laye Qate mask WMer Cayet shadow State mask Composnton of a flood ma Irtevaoon v.tth pre-%od rivec bank Esbmatton of dama stanstjcs
  17. River bank and permanent water bodies Pre flood AWIFS image of Bihar
  18. River bank and permanent water bodies Extracted Single bit Flood inundated layer
  19. Floodinunbatjöa • IRSWiFS image IRS flood Inundatj6n bet-06 Flood Inundation Continuous monitoring from July to October
  20. Maximum flood inundation map of Bihar
  21. Atatistical data showing flood affected village details Ebod System • hid t
  22. Viewl - nts Ctl h p Figure showing the ? ? of roads got affected due floods 1 53 ? ? 2E ? 3 1 53008.3 1 53 ? 81 1 53n1 1 53 ? 3 ? ? 1 53 ? 25 1 53nn71 1 529 ? 71 1 53n243 1 53 ? 221 1 52E … 41 e 1 5253E … E … 1 525 ? 1 524B31 1 52 555 1 52E … 72E … 1 526727 1 52 ? 2 1 52E 1 52E … 1 ZE … 1 52E … 1 83 1 52E … 1 1 52 ? 3E ? 7 1 52E … 533 1 52E … 54 ? 1 52E … 571 1 52E ? E43 Attributesof Intsctl.shp 1 352 … ROAD 1 8.381 E … 7 … ROAD 1 B 255 … ROAD 1 B 273 … ROAD 1 B383E … E ? … ROAD 1 1 4 … R DAD 1 8.381 52 … ROAD 1 B ? … ROAD 1 B 32n … ROAD 1 B38234 … ROAD 1 947m ? 2 … ROAD 1 B33B42 … ROAD 1 B 4235 … ROAD 1 B 33E … … ROAD 1 B34 ? 13 … ROAD 1 95 ? 5E ? … ROAD 1 B35 ? 5.3 … ROAD 1 B94399 … ROAD 1 B344E … 3 … ROAD 1 B345 ! … ROAD 1 B94553 … ROAD 1 B34574 … ROAD 1 B94733 … ROAD 1 B34Baa … ROAD 1 B34B34 … ROAD 1 94 ? 19 … ROAD 1 834.382 … ROAD 1 1 C113L7 1 1 1 ? ? 2CIÜLI 2r-113L7 ? … LINE WAY Oak Bunglovv ? ? • ? N ? ? ? ? … T ? ? ? ? ? ~ ? … • ? ? rak Bunglo•.,v H'">.'INH ? ? ? ? ? T ? ? ? ? ? ~ ? … • ? ? ; ? ? , aunglr-.w Hw•yIN ? , 3 ? ? ? ? … T ? - ? ? ? ~ ? • ? ? D ? ? Bungl•:•vv Hw•ylN ? , … ~ ? ? ? ? … CINE 'WAY Dak Bunglow Hw•yINH-.3Ül ? ? T'MI ? W' … •? D ? ? Bunglovv Hw.yIN ? , ? ? ? … T ? ? ? ? ? ~ ? … • ? ? rak aunglo•.,v H'"YINH ? ? ? ? T ? ? ? ? ? ~ ? … • ? ? ; ? ? , E ? u ? 1 ? w Hw•yIN ? , 3 ? ? ? … ONE •vé.é.h± Dak Bunglr-••.v H - • ? N ? , … ~ … ? ? ? … TWÜ ? ? ~ ? … ' ? Dak Bunglow Hw•yINH • 3 ? ? ? ? T'MCI W' … •? ? "andir Rd ? … T ? ? ? ? ? ~ ? … • ? a ? ? Mandir Rd ? ? T ? ? ? ? ? ~ ? … • ? ? ? Mandir Rd ? … TV," ? ? ? ~ ? • ? ? a ? ? ? "andir Rd ? … T ? ? ? ? ? ~ ? … • ? a ? ? "andir Rd ? … TV." ? W' … •? = "andir Rd ? … T ? ? ? ? … • ? aakargani Rd ? … TV.'CI ? ? ~ ? … • ? B kar Rd ? … T ? ? ? WP … •? aakargani Rd ? … TV.'CI ? ? ~ ? … ' ? B • ? k ? n ? Rd ? … T'Ml ? W' … •? k n ? Rd ? … T ? ? ? ? ? ~ ? … • ? aakargani Rd ? … TV.'CI ? ? ~ ? … • ? karo Rd ? … T ? ? ? WP … •? aakargani Rd ? … TV." ? ? ? ~ ? … • ? a • ? k ? n ? Rd ? … T ? ? ? ? … • ? aakargani Rd
  23. • 2.shp ? h , ? . h ? - Ints - • ? . hp 1 W A r b : Of • | h : ; -shp T - ? la 0 b ? d ? ? Tola aalle.-akr-.a T - ? la B , ? t ? , r T la … : ? . d ? Tola • ? : ri - ? h ur h ? t K 0 p h a r k T - ? la ? : ; ~ T - ? ? . ? B : t h T - ? ? ? ? b d T - ? la ? … - e h ur k h ? Figure showing the villages falling with in flood boundary a ? h , r Bihar Bihar Bihar Bihar a ? h , r Bihar ? ? r B ? h Bi h. ? Bihar B ? , r B ? h r Bihar Bihar Bihar

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